Former senior official at the OECD, where he served as Director of the Development Centre and Special Advisor to the Secretary-General. Prior to joining the Organisation, he was Professor of Industrial Economics at the École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris and taught at universities in Europe and the United States. He is currently Special Advisor for Social and Human Sciences at UNESCO, Editor-in-Chief of Development Cooperation Review (India), and Distinguished Fellow at Jindal University (New Delhi). He serves on the boards of several academic and policy institutions. He has been decorated by Japan, Senegal, and Italy.