Michiel LUINING is doctoral researcher at the Law Faculty of the University of Antwerp. His research focuses on the use and abuse of European contemporary constitutional discourse for fundamental rights protection. Luining previously lectured at the Faculty of Governance and Global Affairs of Leiden University and has worked at the EU department of the Clingendael Institute. He graduated cum laude in European Studies at the University of Groningen and the University of Göttingen (double degree), holds a Bachelor’s degree in History from Leiden University and among others studied at the University of Amsterdam and American University, Washington DC.